Natural Rights

Wikipedia states “Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory.”

Your dictionary.com states, “Natural rights refer to the rights given to all humans, simply for the sake of being human. They are universal moral principles among all cultures and societies and can’t be reversed by government laws. For this reason, natural rights are often called inalienable rights— rights that cannot be taken away. Natural rights are the basis of a social contract in society. They would exist even if the government didn’t exist.”

Here are our natural rights according to your dictionary.com:

The Right to Preserve Life

All humans have the right to stay alive, and no government can ever take that right away. This right extends to the right to defend yourself against people who cause you harm. Most philosophers agree that the right to life is the most fundamental natural right.

The Right to Liberty

Humans have the right to a free life. They have freedom of movement (which is freedom from unlawful detainment) and freedom of thought. Some believe that the right to privacy falls into the natural right of personal liberty.

The Right to Own Property

Every person has the right to own property, either by themselves or with other people. In the 17th and 18th centuries, one’s ability to own property reflected their ability to participate in society. Some philosophers, including John Locke, believed that one’s ability to own property extended to their ownership of their own labor.

The Right to Make a Living

Humans have the right to earn money in order to make a living. Thomas Jefferson summarized this right as “the pursuit of happiness.” This right reflects one’s right to economic liberty; the government cannot stop a person from making a living.

The Right to Have a Family

All people have the right to marry and to have a family. Aquinas wrote extensively of this view, which maintains that one has a natural right to marry as a reflection of their natural liberty. They may also have children without the consent of the government or state.

The Right to Practice Religion

Everyone has the right to form and practice a relationship with the religion of their choice. The right to religion is reflected in both Aquinas’ writing and in the United States Bill of Rights. Aquinas wrote of the right to know God, while the Bill of Rights clarifies that Americans have freedom of religion without government intervention.